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Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention Advance Access published online on July 6, 2005
Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention, doi:10.1093/brief-treatment/mhi021
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org.

Article

A Cognitive Model to Explain Gender Differences in Rate of PTSD Diagnosis

Catherine A. Simmons MSW1 and Donald K. Granvold PhD1*

1 From the School of Social Work, University of Texas, Arlington

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Donald K. Granvold, E-mail: granvold{at}uta.edu


  Abstract

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder that has been estimated to affect between 15% and 24% of individuals who are exposed to traumatic events (e.g., Breslau, Kessler, Chilcoat, Schultz, Davis, & Andreski, 1998). It is significant that (a) not all individuals exposed to traumatic events develop PTSD symptoms and (b) women are twice as likely as men to develop PTSD. Other factors play a role in the development of this disorder. In this conceptual article, we outline the problem of PTSD and, using a cognitive model, explain PTSD causal factors with a particular emphasis on the greater risk of women for developing PTSD.

Keywords: posttraumatic stress disorder; cognitive model; gender differences; trauma; stress.
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